REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN CONSERVATION IN THE UK
Reptiles and amphibians are in decline in the UK. There are a number of reasons why there are less of these animals than in the past, the major one being habitat destruction, fragmentation and degradation. Human persecution and collection may also play some part in declines, and climate change may have an effect.
For amphibians, suitable habitat will always be based around a waterbody in which they will breed. It is also necessary that suitable terrestrial habitat is present around the waterbody. There has been a drastic loss of ponds in the UK, especially in rural areas. The species most at risk from this loss is the crested newt (Triturus cristatus), which has somewhat more specific requirements than the commoner amphibian species.
The natterjack toad (Bufo calamita) is similarly specific in its requirements. This species only occurs on heathland and duneland, and breeds in shallow, temporary pools.
Heathland is the most important habitat for reptiles, all six of the native species occuring on lowland heath in the south of England.
HOW TO HELP
Make a garden pond
A garden pond can support local amphibian species. Common frogs and smooth newts are commonly found in garden ponds, and can be very successful. Palmate newts also do well, and it is not unknown for crested newts and common toads to breed in larger examples.
It is most important that fish are not introduced into a pond for use by amphibians- fish will prey on tadpoles of most amphibian species, though common toad tadpoles may avoid being predated upon, as they are distasteful to many fish.
Record sightings
The biological records centre have an amphibian and reptile recording scheme, where volunteers contribute details of sightings of reptiles and amphibians. These data are used to build up distribution maps, and can also reveal other details about habitat preferences, activity and breeding cycles, success of survey methods, and so on.
Engage in active conservation work
Many amphibian and reptile sites need frequent management in order to best sustain the populations present. Local wildlife trusts, or the British Trust for Conservation Volunteers, will be able to advise on tasks in your area.
RESOURCES
Froglife produce the 'Herpetofauna Worker's Guide', which gives details of local herp monitoring groups, statutory bodies, voluntary organisations, legislation information, current conservation projects and more. The guide is free from:
Triton House,
Bramfield,
Halesworth,
SUFFOLK IP19 9AE
froglife@tritonhouse.demon.co.uk